OJIBAH OBIAGELI CHINEZE
WHAT CAN WE MAKE OUT OF ICT COURSE
Information and Communication technology tend to apply Micro electronics-based technologies to the activities-acquisition, processing, storage, and dissemination of information – which form the essence of library service. However, the basis of ICT is simply to help us improve the way we deal with information in all areas of our lives. Information technology can have a major impact on 4(four) areas which , taken together, make up Library Service: (a) raw material (b) Operational Processes (c) Management Processes (d) Customers Interaction
(a)Raw Material- The raw material of library service is the library’s stock-a collection of physical artifacts, usually in the form of print- on – paper (books, journals, etc) including other media (sounds recordings, photographs etc). Traditional library systems are geared to identification and retrieval of these artifacts. But IT can convert all theses types of information-carrying artifacts into digital data for the purposes of storage (eg optical disc), processing (eg computing), transmission (eg data communication networks) the traditional focus on an artifacts,. Its format and its location-on library holdings, collection development, and bibliographic records – is replaced by a focus on information content and electronic access.
(a) The operational processes of libraries which involve a vast number of routine transactions (eg as books are issued, returned, reserved, become overdue etc) ideally suited to information. Circulation. Control systems, cataloguing processes, systems for the ordering and acquisition of stock and for serials control can all be automated – increasing through one ‘integrated’ computer system – in order to improve efficiency and productivity. Records are no longer duplicated and staff are saved much of the clerical drudgery needed to maintain manual paper-based library systems
(b) The management processes of planning and control can be considerably enhanced by IT. An integrated system can provide important stock management information. A distributed net work of terminals (e.g for circulation system or library catalogue) can provide an opportunity for communication by electronic mail.
In addition, basic business application software packages (word processing, spreadsheets etc) can be used in the library office, as in the any other type of organization.
(c) Information technology can change the nature of customer interaction in three ways (a) by spending up routine processes at the library counter
(b) by widening the choice of available information sources and services
(c) by making library service more accessible
• Other benefits
• Access versus ownership- internet offers opportunities to give real meaning to these terms by facilitating rapid access to information resources external to the library.
• The internet offers a potential to save money, shelf space, and library staff time while simultaneously, increasing the rapid provision of information to patrons , in effects, helping address the issue articulated by Melvil Dewey in 1877, “problem before us… is to make libraries better – their expenses less”.
• Rather than relying on the library’s own holdings, the customer can have access to remote stores of information using online or video text network
Reference
Bob Mckee. Planning library service. London: 1989, pp130-132.
Gorman G.E and MILLER R.H, Collection Management for 21st Century: A Hand book for librarians. Westport: 1997, P.31.
Saturday, June 5, 2010
Friday, June 4, 2010
What can we make out of ICT in library and Information Science?
QUESTION: WHAT CAN WE MAKE OF ICT IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE?
ANSWER SUBMITTED BY IBE, PETER
REG NO: 2009636002
RELEVANCE OF I C T I N L I B RA RI E S
I C T is the abbreviation for Information and Communications Technology. The library is generally known as the store–house of knowledge. Knowledge as meant here refers to refined and assimilated information. Communication is the transmission of this knowledge from one source to another, while technology is the machinery with which this transmission of knowledge is made.
Information and Communications Technology has revolutionized library and information services. Computer – based information retrieval system such as ICT with internet facilities offer more convenient, flexible, comprehensive and by far faster retrieval services than manual information retrieval storage systems. (Achebe, 2008). The relevance of ICT to librarians and libraries can never be over- emphasized. Its numerous benefits to librarians and libraries can be summarized as shown here – under:
1. FAST PROCESSING CAPACITY: Computers, which is the vehicle on which ICT revolves, are fast in processing information. With it, the library routine operations such as circulation control, serials management, acquisition, cataloguing, which are hitherto, manually handled are performed faster and with increased accuracy and precision.
2. DATA CAPTURE: ICT ensures easy and quick conversion of retrospective records than the manual methods.
3. RESOURCE SHARING: It facilitates resource sharing between and among libraries. Resource sharing has been made easier and faster with the help of computers, and telecommunications facilities.
4. DEPENDABILITY: ICT has proved more dependable than human beings in that, it undertakes and manages large tasks without being bored unlike humans.
5. As computers perform some clerical and routine functions, librarians will have time to carry out other duties such as research, policy formulation, and other management duties, this will make for overall improvement in the performance of the library as an organization.
6. STORAGE FACILITIES: Computers have the facilities for permanent storage of information. With this development, conservation of time and space is ensured.
7. SERVICE ORIENTED: New services are offered by libraries with the help of computers. Such services are recent accessions lists, Current Awareness Services, online search services, and Selective Dissemination of Information.
8. ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING: This is possible with the availability of the Information and Communication Technology. Some journals are now published electronically, and list of library users can be published electronically during orientation, and point of use instructions in the library.
9. VALUE ADDED SERVICES: ICT permit librarians to provide value – added information services to their clienteles.
10. Librarians can acquire needed information resources for their libraries or information centers without going to the bookshops or book sale agents.
11. Knowledge and other library materials can be easily organized as internet websites provide classification database.
12. It offers assistance to Information Managers (Librarians) in providing effective reference services to their users.
13. Provision of great opportunity for fun and entertainment thereby reducing fatigue, boredom and work stress.
14. Wide access to achieve information that could be useful to various library users.
15. Fostering teamwork across wide geographical area or distance.
16. Ease of access to professionals and specialists in many fields of knowledge.
17. Quick access to regular updates on topics of interest.
18. Increased work output can be achieved with minimal number of staff.
19. ICT provides opportunity for new and enhanced services like Online inter –library use, e – mail etc.
20. ICT help to reduce cost of operations in libraries.
ANSWER SUBMITTED BY IBE, PETER
REG NO: 2009636002
RELEVANCE OF I C T I N L I B RA RI E S
I C T is the abbreviation for Information and Communications Technology. The library is generally known as the store–house of knowledge. Knowledge as meant here refers to refined and assimilated information. Communication is the transmission of this knowledge from one source to another, while technology is the machinery with which this transmission of knowledge is made.
Information and Communications Technology has revolutionized library and information services. Computer – based information retrieval system such as ICT with internet facilities offer more convenient, flexible, comprehensive and by far faster retrieval services than manual information retrieval storage systems. (Achebe, 2008). The relevance of ICT to librarians and libraries can never be over- emphasized. Its numerous benefits to librarians and libraries can be summarized as shown here – under:
1. FAST PROCESSING CAPACITY: Computers, which is the vehicle on which ICT revolves, are fast in processing information. With it, the library routine operations such as circulation control, serials management, acquisition, cataloguing, which are hitherto, manually handled are performed faster and with increased accuracy and precision.
2. DATA CAPTURE: ICT ensures easy and quick conversion of retrospective records than the manual methods.
3. RESOURCE SHARING: It facilitates resource sharing between and among libraries. Resource sharing has been made easier and faster with the help of computers, and telecommunications facilities.
4. DEPENDABILITY: ICT has proved more dependable than human beings in that, it undertakes and manages large tasks without being bored unlike humans.
5. As computers perform some clerical and routine functions, librarians will have time to carry out other duties such as research, policy formulation, and other management duties, this will make for overall improvement in the performance of the library as an organization.
6. STORAGE FACILITIES: Computers have the facilities for permanent storage of information. With this development, conservation of time and space is ensured.
7. SERVICE ORIENTED: New services are offered by libraries with the help of computers. Such services are recent accessions lists, Current Awareness Services, online search services, and Selective Dissemination of Information.
8. ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING: This is possible with the availability of the Information and Communication Technology. Some journals are now published electronically, and list of library users can be published electronically during orientation, and point of use instructions in the library.
9. VALUE ADDED SERVICES: ICT permit librarians to provide value – added information services to their clienteles.
10. Librarians can acquire needed information resources for their libraries or information centers without going to the bookshops or book sale agents.
11. Knowledge and other library materials can be easily organized as internet websites provide classification database.
12. It offers assistance to Information Managers (Librarians) in providing effective reference services to their users.
13. Provision of great opportunity for fun and entertainment thereby reducing fatigue, boredom and work stress.
14. Wide access to achieve information that could be useful to various library users.
15. Fostering teamwork across wide geographical area or distance.
16. Ease of access to professionals and specialists in many fields of knowledge.
17. Quick access to regular updates on topics of interest.
18. Increased work output can be achieved with minimal number of staff.
19. ICT provides opportunity for new and enhanced services like Online inter –library use, e – mail etc.
20. ICT help to reduce cost of operations in libraries.
mlsclass: WHAT CAN WE MAKE OUT OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
AWKA
LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE DEPARTMENT
ASSIGNMENT: THE BENEFITS OF ICT IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
NAME: OFFOR CHIMEZIE .C.
REG. NO.: 2009636001P
COURSE CODE: LIS 611
COURSE TITLE: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN LIBRARIES
LECTURER: DR. ANUNOBI, .C.
DATE:
INTRODUCTION
Library is the nerve – centre of educational institutions, especially universities. It is also a crucial centre in the educational development of man at any level and more particularly so in any academic pursuit.
Libraries are agents of educational, social, economic and political changes or evolutions in the community and their doors are open to all who need them. Hence, the library has become a place entrusted with the acquisition, organization, preservation, storage, retrieval and dissemination of information in whatever formal it might appear.
It is worthy of note that the fundamental determinant of development status of any nation is her information base. Unesco (1977) asserts that “information has become an essential basis for progress of civilization and society. Lack of information and an effective means of exchanging it are now widely recognised as being limiting factors in economic and social development of people”.
Information therefore is the pivot of any meaningful development because development itself comes through decision making and planning, and without information no good decision can be taken. Decisions and plans can only be as good as the information on which they are based.
Library science as a discipline embraces the various components of library resources and operations. The discipline centres on systematic study of the principles and skills pertinent to all aspects of library operations, resources and administration.
The library resources and operations are not static. Changes in technology, user – needs, and societal changes affecting the flow of information can affect existing patterns of service. Library science therefore accommodates and indeed anticipates these development.
Library is dependent on life and change. Without the human and organizational changes that occur, the library would neither function properly nor meet its purposes.
Dr. S. R. Ranganathan formulated the five famous laws of library and information science. The fifth law – “library is a growing organism” is now being challenged by the tremendous progress of ICT and its speedy application in an all fields of library and information science.
MEANING OF ‘ICT’
The term Information Communication Technology (ICT) describes the use of computer based technology and the internet to make information and communication services available to a wide range of users. The term is used broadly to address a range of technologies, including telephones and emerging technology devices. It encompasses any medium to record information, like magnetic tape/disk, optical disks (CD/DVD), flash memory etc. Central to these is the internet, which provides the mechanism for transporting data in a number of formats including text, images, sound, and video.
The first and foremost ICT component, which can be adopted in the libraries, is the computer for library automation and to have an in-house database of library holding, in electronic form. It becomes necessary to equip the libraries to optimize the use of information. E-mail, online retrieval networking, multimedia and internet are the other important technologies, which can be used for faster access to information.
THE BENEFITS OF ICT IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
The benefits of ICT in library situations, and or in library and information science are as outlined and discussed below:
(1) Equips the potential libraries with ICT skills.
ICTs are crucially important for sustainable development in libraries. Librarians are professional library personals. Thus the study of ICT in the discipline of librarianship is an essential approach to preparing librarians on the use of various technological devices that foster library operations.
(2) Educates a librarian to introduce and provide new services, revitalize the existing services by producing faster access to the resources, by overcoming the space and time barrier.
In a technology driven society, getting information quickly is important for both sender and receiver. ICTs have made it possible to quickly find and distribute information.
The integration of information technology (IT) redefines the general outlook about library and its methods of disseminating information. It ameliorates the challenges encountered in traditional method of library operation as it proffers better alternative methods for the collection, generation, communication, recording, management and exploitation of information. It includes those application by which information is transferred, recorded, edited, stored, manipulated or disseminated (Anyakoha 1991). With computers, librarians can offer a series of new services when there is need for them. The services may include recent accession lists, listing of the library holdings in special way, current awareness services.
(3) Enables a librarian adopt a more accurate, faster and permanent storage of information.
Computers have the ability or advantage of storing information more accurately and permanently. This reduces the length of time a librarian spends in keeping records and also help to combat space problems. Records could be kept for a long time and remain protected from some uncertain invisible circumstances, using computer storage facilities.
Most routine duties in libraries like circulation control, listing of serials holdings, acquisitions and cataloguing are usually performed faster than that of traditional or manual methods and the user benefits by getting what he wants to read without waiting for too long.
(4) Offers a librarian relevant knowledge for better management of library to improve performance, thereby improving productivity.
A librarian with ICT skills has more time to formulate policies and make management decisions when the clerical routines in the library are performed by computers. This resultantly leads to improved planning and equitable distribution of work schedule.
(5) Acquaints librarian on optimum utilization and sharing of resources among institutions thereby reducing costs.
Resource sharing is a device evolved by libraries to improve their services to users by broadening availability of information.
REFERENCES
Anyakoha, M. W. (1991): Basic Librarianship: Technologies in Information Work.
Unesco (1977) in Azubuike, K. N. (2000): Fundamentals of Library and Information Services.
Wednesday, June 2, 2010
WHAT CAN WE MAKE OUT OF ICT COURSE
NAME: CHUKWUMA NKIRUKA ADAEZE
REG. NO: 2009636008P
Information technology refers to electronic technology based on acquiring and processing information using computer.
Communication is when the computer is being connected with computer through network of computers.
BENEFITS OF ICT COURSE TO ME AS A STUDENT IN MLIS CLASS
1. Acquiring knowledge on technological way of acquiring, processing information and making it available to users.
2 Enables me to handle information in a high speed to save time.
3. In order to provide adequate service to users.
4. Have an opportunity of offering new and enhanced service to users.
5. I will be able to introduce new services in library such as internet services, selective dissemination of information services and management information system through which I will know what is happening around me.
6 To know how to reduce cost through shared responsibilities by sharing operations such as sharing records and etc.
7. It will enable one to know how to create new product.
8. It will also enable me to change the outlook of the organization where I work.
9. To outsource customer's service.
10.In This era of information explosion in which large amount of information is beingf generated at every moment, I will use the knowledge of ICT to collect store and disseminate information with new technologies.
11. The knowledge I acquired will enable me to cope with technological advancements that are emerging very fast.
12. To meet up with the challenges of ever increasing information.
REFERENCES
EDOKA, B.E (2000) Introduction to Library Science, Onitsha: Palms Publishing and Links Compan Limited
P.151-158.
IGBEKA, J.U (2008) Enterprenureship in Library and Information Services, Ibadan: Stirling. Horden
Publishers Ltd. P.S
PATIL, D.B et al (1994) Library and Information Science, Delhi: Ashish Publishing House. P. 7-8
REG. NO: 2009636008P
Information technology refers to electronic technology based on acquiring and processing information using computer.
Communication is when the computer is being connected with computer through network of computers.
BENEFITS OF ICT COURSE TO ME AS A STUDENT IN MLIS CLASS
1. Acquiring knowledge on technological way of acquiring, processing information and making it available to users.
2 Enables me to handle information in a high speed to save time.
3. In order to provide adequate service to users.
4. Have an opportunity of offering new and enhanced service to users.
5. I will be able to introduce new services in library such as internet services, selective dissemination of information services and management information system through which I will know what is happening around me.
6 To know how to reduce cost through shared responsibilities by sharing operations such as sharing records and etc.
7. It will enable one to know how to create new product.
8. It will also enable me to change the outlook of the organization where I work.
9. To outsource customer's service.
10.In This era of information explosion in which large amount of information is beingf generated at every moment, I will use the knowledge of ICT to collect store and disseminate information with new technologies.
11. The knowledge I acquired will enable me to cope with technological advancements that are emerging very fast.
12. To meet up with the challenges of ever increasing information.
REFERENCES
EDOKA, B.E (2000) Introduction to Library Science, Onitsha: Palms Publishing and Links Compan Limited
P.151-158.
IGBEKA, J.U (2008) Enterprenureship in Library and Information Services, Ibadan: Stirling. Horden
Publishers Ltd. P.S
PATIL, D.B et al (1994) Library and Information Science, Delhi: Ashish Publishing House. P. 7-8
Monday, May 31, 2010
What can we make out of ICT in Library and Information Science courses?
WHAT WE CAN MAKE OUT OF ICT IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE COURSES.
WRIITEN BY; UDEM OBIORA KINGSLEY
REG. NO; 2009636005P
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY(ICT)
According to Ania (2004), information technology (IT) is an omnibus term that combines computer and telecommunication technology; hence it is sometimes called information and communication technology (ICT). Information and communication technology is concerned with the technology used in handling, acquiring, processing, storing and disseminating information.
Asnafi (2005) defined ICT as the technologies that help us record, stored, process, retrieve, transfer and receive information. Information technology (IT) and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) are dependent on each other, IT may refer to the machine and ICT to its product.
LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
Ikegbune (1997) noted that a Library which is gotten from Latin word “liber”(book) may be defined as a collection of written, printed or other graphic materials (including films, slides, phonograph records and tapes), housed, organized and interpreted to meet broad and varying needs of people for information, knowledge, recreation and aesthetics.
Library and Information Science is concerned with collection, processing, storage and dissemination of recorded information for the purpose of reading, study and consultation.
According to Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Online, Library and Information Science may be defined as an interdisciplinary field that applies the practices, perspectives and tools of management, information technology, education, and other areas to libraries, the collection, organization, preservation, and dissemination of information resources; and political economy of information.
WHAT WE CAN MAKE OUT OF ICT IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE COURSES/BENEFIT OF ICT TO LIBRARY AND INFORMATION COURSES.
The use of computers and communications technologies in information handling and processing has arisen because of increased workload involved in coping with information explosion. In order to keep pace with handling the increasing number of information carries, computers are utilized to handle information processing with greater speed and accuracy than manual processing. Access to information processed by computer is instant; it can also be accessible over long distance regardless of where the information is processed. This is possible through telecommunication technology (Aina, 2004)
Librarians need special knowledge and skills including techniques of using software and hardware, selection and assessment of resources, use of information systems, ability to search networks and database, as well as problem solving and research skills and ability to teach users. Librarians should acquire these skills before entering the job market and it can only be achieved through the study of ICT as a Library and Information Science course.
New technology should make Librarians network specialists, information mediators and system designers and it can only be achieved through study of ICT as Library and Information Science course.
One of the major applications activities such as circulation, acquisition, serial control, cataloguing and classification. Most of the specific tasks in these activities are routine and repetitive; hence they are readily amendable to Automation. All these can easily be actualized with study of ICT as library and information Science course.
In conclusion, Information and communications technology (ICT) has become an important field for all information professionals especially the Librarians. This is as a result of its relevance and applications tasks in libraries and information centre. The importance of ICT in libraries can only be actualized through the study of ICT as a library and information science course.
Always tell me what you think you can or have made out of this course . Dr Chinwe
Reference
Ania, L.O. (2004). Library and Information Science text for Africa
Asnafi, A.R. (2005). What is e- learning and where is the place of virtual libraries in this
Process. Faslname-ye ketabb 16(3); 133-148
Ikegbune, E. (1997). The use of the Library for College and University students. Nsukka :
FIJAC Academic press.
Library Science (2009). In wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia online.
http://en.m.wikipdia.org/wiki/library_science?
WRIITEN BY; UDEM OBIORA KINGSLEY
REG. NO; 2009636005P
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY(ICT)
According to Ania (2004), information technology (IT) is an omnibus term that combines computer and telecommunication technology; hence it is sometimes called information and communication technology (ICT). Information and communication technology is concerned with the technology used in handling, acquiring, processing, storing and disseminating information.
Asnafi (2005) defined ICT as the technologies that help us record, stored, process, retrieve, transfer and receive information. Information technology (IT) and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) are dependent on each other, IT may refer to the machine and ICT to its product.
LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
Ikegbune (1997) noted that a Library which is gotten from Latin word “liber”(book) may be defined as a collection of written, printed or other graphic materials (including films, slides, phonograph records and tapes), housed, organized and interpreted to meet broad and varying needs of people for information, knowledge, recreation and aesthetics.
Library and Information Science is concerned with collection, processing, storage and dissemination of recorded information for the purpose of reading, study and consultation.
According to Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Online, Library and Information Science may be defined as an interdisciplinary field that applies the practices, perspectives and tools of management, information technology, education, and other areas to libraries, the collection, organization, preservation, and dissemination of information resources; and political economy of information.
WHAT WE CAN MAKE OUT OF ICT IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE COURSES/BENEFIT OF ICT TO LIBRARY AND INFORMATION COURSES.
The use of computers and communications technologies in information handling and processing has arisen because of increased workload involved in coping with information explosion. In order to keep pace with handling the increasing number of information carries, computers are utilized to handle information processing with greater speed and accuracy than manual processing. Access to information processed by computer is instant; it can also be accessible over long distance regardless of where the information is processed. This is possible through telecommunication technology (Aina, 2004)
Librarians need special knowledge and skills including techniques of using software and hardware, selection and assessment of resources, use of information systems, ability to search networks and database, as well as problem solving and research skills and ability to teach users. Librarians should acquire these skills before entering the job market and it can only be achieved through the study of ICT as a Library and Information Science course.
New technology should make Librarians network specialists, information mediators and system designers and it can only be achieved through study of ICT as Library and Information Science course.
One of the major applications activities such as circulation, acquisition, serial control, cataloguing and classification. Most of the specific tasks in these activities are routine and repetitive; hence they are readily amendable to Automation. All these can easily be actualized with study of ICT as library and information Science course.
In conclusion, Information and communications technology (ICT) has become an important field for all information professionals especially the Librarians. This is as a result of its relevance and applications tasks in libraries and information centre. The importance of ICT in libraries can only be actualized through the study of ICT as a library and information science course.
Always tell me what you think you can or have made out of this course . Dr Chinwe
Reference
Ania, L.O. (2004). Library and Information Science text for Africa
Asnafi, A.R. (2005). What is e- learning and where is the place of virtual libraries in this
Process. Faslname-ye ketabb 16(3); 133-148
Ikegbune, E. (1997). The use of the Library for College and University students. Nsukka :
FIJAC Academic press.
Library Science (2009). In wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia online.
http://en.m.wikipdia.org/wiki/library_science?
WHAT CAN WE MAKE OUT OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
WHAT CAN WE MAKE OUT OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
{IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE COURSE INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY, LIS 611}
BY
ADUBA DORIS EMETAROM
2009636003P
DR. ANUNOBI
MAY, 2010
PREAMBLE
Information is defined simply as a set of data recorded in a methodical manner, which includes
a. Any item of knowledge capable of facilitating the operation of a system and
b. Any numerical or alpha-numerical quantity processed by the machine. The aggregate of information constitution the data and results of a problem.
Information is a processed data which major aim is to convey meaningful message or interrelated or structured data.
Okunna (1994) explains that to communicate basically means to share ideas, information, feelings, or experiences between people. The basis of sharing or exchange between people, is the ability to establish a common ground with another person or group of persons. Communication is purposeful.
Oxford advanced Learner’s Dictionary defines Technology as the scientific study and use of applied sciences, e.g. engineering, the application of this to practical tasks in industry.
ICT is thus a necessary consideration for managers in all organizations because of this pervasive impact on external environments (social, educational, economic etc.) and also because of the potential impact of ICT on internal organizational structure and processes.
For libraries, information communication technology is crucial consideration. Not only does it pervade the external environments which condition staff and customer expectations. Not only does it have important implications for operational and management processes. Its central concern information or knowledge is the raw material of library work.
INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
Okoye (2007), the most remarkable change in developing countries apart from the industrial revolution is the information revolution especially that based on computers including their software, accessories and the internet. Internet and communication technologies have not only reduced the world to a global village by their dynamic and pervasive influence but also have turn around academic life in University campuses in Nigeria.
Anaeme (2004), the computer is an electronic device stands out the most basic element in information and communication technology as most other technologies output through it.
Internet: The internet is a vast network of computers that provide information superhighway that enable individuals, organization, corporations, academic institutions and libraries worldwide to exchange and communicate information.
Information Technology is defined as the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a micro-electronic-based combination of computing, telecommunications and video.
Drew and foster (1994), defined ICT as a group of technologies that is revolutionizing the handling of information and embody a convergence of interest between electronics, computing and communication.
Duncombe and Hecks (1999), defined ICT as the electronic means of capturing, processing, storing and disseminating information.
Edoka (2000), since the 1960’s there has been steady increase in the awareness that computers can be used to enhance the overall effectiveness. This trend was largely due to widespread availability of computers and production of conveniently cheap models. At the same time Librarians have realized the advantages of using computers in libraries
BENEFITS OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN LIBRARIES AND TO LIBRARIAN
1. SPEED: Computers help to process information very fast. The speed with which computers perform their work approximates the speed of light. In libraries, such routine duties as circulation control, listing of serial holdings, acquisitions and cataloguing are performed faster than by the traditional manual methods. Importantly, if the processing rules are standardized, computerization increases accuracy and detects error in the stored information. The library user benefits by getting what he wants to read without having to wait too long.
2. CULTURAL PRESERVATION: The application of modern technology to the preservation of library materials is very important issue. The challenges of preserving library materials in the future cannot be met by skilled hands alone. Science and technology are needed as well if we are to save the cultural heritage of our civilization from premature decay and eventual loss. We must either develop new technologies or grasp the opportunities of existing technologies and apply them to the solution of special problems.
3. MANAGEMENT AND ACCESS: Digital technologies facilitate access to information collections. This is done by transporting the contents of information sourced from where they are held to where they are needed. The same technologies could be used to transport the essence of materials across time and thus contribute to their management and preservation. Management and preservation is a high priority concern of all libraries be it academic or public libraries. The development of digital preservation in the developed world is a testimony to the high value placed on availability of information. It is also as a result of collaboration between the scientific community, governments, and the developed world that has minimized deterioration of library materials.
4. Traditionally, the raw material of Library service is the library’s stock- a collection of physical artefacts, usually in the form of print-on-paper 9books, journals, other documents) but also including other media (sound recordings, photographs, videos etc.). Traditional library systems are geared to the identification and retrieval of these artefacts – a particular book title, journal issue, video recording etc. But an IT can convert all these types of information- carrying artefacts into digital data for the purposes of storage (e.g. optical disc), processing (e.g. computing) and transmission (e.g. data communication networks).
5. THE OPERATIONAL PROCESSES OF LIBRARIES: It involves a vast number of routine transactions (e.g. as books are issued, returned, reserved, become overdue, etc.) ideally suited to automation. Circulation control systems, cataloguing processes, systems for the ordering and acquisition of stock and for serials control can all be automated. Increasingly through one integrated computer system- in order to improve efficiency and productivity. Records are no longer duplicated and staff are saved much of the clerical drudgery needed to maintain manual paper-based library systems.
6. RETROSPECTIVE CONVERSION: Sometimes there is need for libraries to change from one record to another, for instance, changing from card catalogue to book catalogue. The change can easily and speedily be completed if the master files of the library data are machine-readable.
7. EFFECT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TO INFORMATION DELIVERY: The effect of automation cannot be over emphasized in advancing information delivery. Information technology through automation library services has changed the world of services delivery. Fjailbrant (1990) started that the new innovation and method has brought a great change to service delivery. He itemized six features as follows. Digitalization of information – text graphics, photographs speed, sound video etc.
Cheaper data storage – optical storage media (OSM)
In creased computer power leading to speedier and cheaper computer processing.
Improved telecommunication reduces ISDN with general increased capacity for data transmission
Increase viability of hardware and software and
Decreased size of equipment.
Omekwu (2003) in conformity with Fjailbrant opinion states that, new information environment provides library of all types and archives institutions with limitless access to global information at the pressing of the keyboard to include the following merits;
Incredible platforms (e.g. CD-ROM) for storage of large data
Easy integration of various activities
Increased Efficiency
Means of income generation
Strategic connection of local network to global network thus making the world a global village
Contact, cooperation and communication as the hallmark of professionalism etc.
8. The management processes of planning and control can be considerably enhanced by IT. An integrated system can provide important stock management information. A distributed network of terminals (e.g. for the circulation system or library catalogue) can provide an opportunity for communication by software packages (word processing, spreadsheets, etc.) can be used in the library office, as in any other type of organization.
9. Information Technology can change the nature of customer interaction in three ways;
By speeding up routine processes at the library counter
By widening the choice of available information sources and services
By making library service more accessible
Rather than the old card catalogue or card index of local information, the customer can use an OPAC (online public access catalogue) or PET (public enquiry terminal) with swifter and more sophisticated searching of the information database.
10. In addition to this enhanced ranged of information sources and services, IT can also widen the customer’s choice in terms of points and methods of access to the library. Indeed for some disabled people, technology gives them the opportunity to use a service which would otherwise be inaccessible – it means the difference between exclusion and participation, limited and full functioning, failure and success. Instead of having to physically visit the building or room, the customer using electronic networking can have the option of ‘dial-up’ access to the library, 24hours a day, from home or workplace.
11. The initial stimulus to ITs applications in large libraries is the productivity gain that comes from automating transactional routines and cooperating with other libraries through a third-party organization like OCLC in the production of catalogue records.
12. CREATION OF NEW SRVICES: With computers, libraries can offer a series of new service can include recent accession lists, listing of the library holdings in a special way, current awareness services (e.g. selective Dissemination of information, current contents). Also this may include interpreting books borrowed by subject, clientele and form of material.
Let me know what it can or has offered you. Dr Chinwe
CONCLUSION
For libraries, information technology is a crucial consideration. Not only does it pervade the external environments which condition staff and customer expectations. Not only can it change the nature of staff activity and customer behavior. Not only does it have important implications for operational and management processes. Its central concern information or knowledge is the raw material of library work. Definitions of IT tend to apply microelectronics-based technologies to the activities – acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of information – which form the essence of library service.
REFERENCES
ANAEME, F. O. (2007). Law Libraries, Information Communication Technology
(ICT), legal Education and research. Coal city libraries vol. 5 & 6, pp. 42-51.
DREW, E. and FOSTER, F, (eds.) (1994). Information Technology in selected
countries. Tokyo: United Nations press.
DUCOMBE, R. and HECK, R. (1999). Information, ICT and small enterprises: Finding
from Botswana, Manchester: University of Manchester, Institute of for
Development, policy and management working paper7.
EDOKA, B. E. (2000). Introduction to Library Science. Onitsha: Palma publishing
and Links. Pp. 157-168.
EZEH, R. U. (2007). Management of disaster through information Technology
support: Challenges for information managers. Coal city libraries vol. 5 & 6,
pp. 102-112.
FJAILBRANT, N. (1990), Why user education and how can information technology
help? IFLA journal, vol. 16 no 4, pp. 405-413.
OKEKE, M. O. (2007). Assessment of the use of information and communication
technology in Nigerian university libraries. Coal city libraries vol. 5 & 6, pp.
21-33.
OKUNNA, S. C. (1994), Introduction to Mass communication.
Enugu: ABIC. Pp. 19.
OMEKWU, C. O. (2003). Conventional Approaches in accessing legal information.
3rd ed. Nigeria libraries, 37 pp. 46-58.
Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary (2001). 6th ed.
Oxford: Oxford University press.
{IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE COURSE INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY, LIS 611}
BY
ADUBA DORIS EMETAROM
2009636003P
DR. ANUNOBI
MAY, 2010
PREAMBLE
Information is defined simply as a set of data recorded in a methodical manner, which includes
a. Any item of knowledge capable of facilitating the operation of a system and
b. Any numerical or alpha-numerical quantity processed by the machine. The aggregate of information constitution the data and results of a problem.
Information is a processed data which major aim is to convey meaningful message or interrelated or structured data.
Okunna (1994) explains that to communicate basically means to share ideas, information, feelings, or experiences between people. The basis of sharing or exchange between people, is the ability to establish a common ground with another person or group of persons. Communication is purposeful.
Oxford advanced Learner’s Dictionary defines Technology as the scientific study and use of applied sciences, e.g. engineering, the application of this to practical tasks in industry.
ICT is thus a necessary consideration for managers in all organizations because of this pervasive impact on external environments (social, educational, economic etc.) and also because of the potential impact of ICT on internal organizational structure and processes.
For libraries, information communication technology is crucial consideration. Not only does it pervade the external environments which condition staff and customer expectations. Not only does it have important implications for operational and management processes. Its central concern information or knowledge is the raw material of library work.
INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
Okoye (2007), the most remarkable change in developing countries apart from the industrial revolution is the information revolution especially that based on computers including their software, accessories and the internet. Internet and communication technologies have not only reduced the world to a global village by their dynamic and pervasive influence but also have turn around academic life in University campuses in Nigeria.
Anaeme (2004), the computer is an electronic device stands out the most basic element in information and communication technology as most other technologies output through it.
Internet: The internet is a vast network of computers that provide information superhighway that enable individuals, organization, corporations, academic institutions and libraries worldwide to exchange and communicate information.
Information Technology is defined as the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a micro-electronic-based combination of computing, telecommunications and video.
Drew and foster (1994), defined ICT as a group of technologies that is revolutionizing the handling of information and embody a convergence of interest between electronics, computing and communication.
Duncombe and Hecks (1999), defined ICT as the electronic means of capturing, processing, storing and disseminating information.
Edoka (2000), since the 1960’s there has been steady increase in the awareness that computers can be used to enhance the overall effectiveness. This trend was largely due to widespread availability of computers and production of conveniently cheap models. At the same time Librarians have realized the advantages of using computers in libraries
BENEFITS OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN LIBRARIES AND TO LIBRARIAN
1. SPEED: Computers help to process information very fast. The speed with which computers perform their work approximates the speed of light. In libraries, such routine duties as circulation control, listing of serial holdings, acquisitions and cataloguing are performed faster than by the traditional manual methods. Importantly, if the processing rules are standardized, computerization increases accuracy and detects error in the stored information. The library user benefits by getting what he wants to read without having to wait too long.
2. CULTURAL PRESERVATION: The application of modern technology to the preservation of library materials is very important issue. The challenges of preserving library materials in the future cannot be met by skilled hands alone. Science and technology are needed as well if we are to save the cultural heritage of our civilization from premature decay and eventual loss. We must either develop new technologies or grasp the opportunities of existing technologies and apply them to the solution of special problems.
3. MANAGEMENT AND ACCESS: Digital technologies facilitate access to information collections. This is done by transporting the contents of information sourced from where they are held to where they are needed. The same technologies could be used to transport the essence of materials across time and thus contribute to their management and preservation. Management and preservation is a high priority concern of all libraries be it academic or public libraries. The development of digital preservation in the developed world is a testimony to the high value placed on availability of information. It is also as a result of collaboration between the scientific community, governments, and the developed world that has minimized deterioration of library materials.
4. Traditionally, the raw material of Library service is the library’s stock- a collection of physical artefacts, usually in the form of print-on-paper 9books, journals, other documents) but also including other media (sound recordings, photographs, videos etc.). Traditional library systems are geared to the identification and retrieval of these artefacts – a particular book title, journal issue, video recording etc. But an IT can convert all these types of information- carrying artefacts into digital data for the purposes of storage (e.g. optical disc), processing (e.g. computing) and transmission (e.g. data communication networks).
5. THE OPERATIONAL PROCESSES OF LIBRARIES: It involves a vast number of routine transactions (e.g. as books are issued, returned, reserved, become overdue, etc.) ideally suited to automation. Circulation control systems, cataloguing processes, systems for the ordering and acquisition of stock and for serials control can all be automated. Increasingly through one integrated computer system- in order to improve efficiency and productivity. Records are no longer duplicated and staff are saved much of the clerical drudgery needed to maintain manual paper-based library systems.
6. RETROSPECTIVE CONVERSION: Sometimes there is need for libraries to change from one record to another, for instance, changing from card catalogue to book catalogue. The change can easily and speedily be completed if the master files of the library data are machine-readable.
7. EFFECT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TO INFORMATION DELIVERY: The effect of automation cannot be over emphasized in advancing information delivery. Information technology through automation library services has changed the world of services delivery. Fjailbrant (1990) started that the new innovation and method has brought a great change to service delivery. He itemized six features as follows. Digitalization of information – text graphics, photographs speed, sound video etc.
Cheaper data storage – optical storage media (OSM)
In creased computer power leading to speedier and cheaper computer processing.
Improved telecommunication reduces ISDN with general increased capacity for data transmission
Increase viability of hardware and software and
Decreased size of equipment.
Omekwu (2003) in conformity with Fjailbrant opinion states that, new information environment provides library of all types and archives institutions with limitless access to global information at the pressing of the keyboard to include the following merits;
Incredible platforms (e.g. CD-ROM) for storage of large data
Easy integration of various activities
Increased Efficiency
Means of income generation
Strategic connection of local network to global network thus making the world a global village
Contact, cooperation and communication as the hallmark of professionalism etc.
8. The management processes of planning and control can be considerably enhanced by IT. An integrated system can provide important stock management information. A distributed network of terminals (e.g. for the circulation system or library catalogue) can provide an opportunity for communication by software packages (word processing, spreadsheets, etc.) can be used in the library office, as in any other type of organization.
9. Information Technology can change the nature of customer interaction in three ways;
By speeding up routine processes at the library counter
By widening the choice of available information sources and services
By making library service more accessible
Rather than the old card catalogue or card index of local information, the customer can use an OPAC (online public access catalogue) or PET (public enquiry terminal) with swifter and more sophisticated searching of the information database.
10. In addition to this enhanced ranged of information sources and services, IT can also widen the customer’s choice in terms of points and methods of access to the library. Indeed for some disabled people, technology gives them the opportunity to use a service which would otherwise be inaccessible – it means the difference between exclusion and participation, limited and full functioning, failure and success. Instead of having to physically visit the building or room, the customer using electronic networking can have the option of ‘dial-up’ access to the library, 24hours a day, from home or workplace.
11. The initial stimulus to ITs applications in large libraries is the productivity gain that comes from automating transactional routines and cooperating with other libraries through a third-party organization like OCLC in the production of catalogue records.
12. CREATION OF NEW SRVICES: With computers, libraries can offer a series of new service can include recent accession lists, listing of the library holdings in a special way, current awareness services (e.g. selective Dissemination of information, current contents). Also this may include interpreting books borrowed by subject, clientele and form of material.
Let me know what it can or has offered you. Dr Chinwe
CONCLUSION
For libraries, information technology is a crucial consideration. Not only does it pervade the external environments which condition staff and customer expectations. Not only can it change the nature of staff activity and customer behavior. Not only does it have important implications for operational and management processes. Its central concern information or knowledge is the raw material of library work. Definitions of IT tend to apply microelectronics-based technologies to the activities – acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of information – which form the essence of library service.
REFERENCES
ANAEME, F. O. (2007). Law Libraries, Information Communication Technology
(ICT), legal Education and research. Coal city libraries vol. 5 & 6, pp. 42-51.
DREW, E. and FOSTER, F, (eds.) (1994). Information Technology in selected
countries. Tokyo: United Nations press.
DUCOMBE, R. and HECK, R. (1999). Information, ICT and small enterprises: Finding
from Botswana, Manchester: University of Manchester, Institute of for
Development, policy and management working paper7.
EDOKA, B. E. (2000). Introduction to Library Science. Onitsha: Palma publishing
and Links. Pp. 157-168.
EZEH, R. U. (2007). Management of disaster through information Technology
support: Challenges for information managers. Coal city libraries vol. 5 & 6,
pp. 102-112.
FJAILBRANT, N. (1990), Why user education and how can information technology
help? IFLA journal, vol. 16 no 4, pp. 405-413.
OKEKE, M. O. (2007). Assessment of the use of information and communication
technology in Nigerian university libraries. Coal city libraries vol. 5 & 6, pp.
21-33.
OKUNNA, S. C. (1994), Introduction to Mass communication.
Enugu: ABIC. Pp. 19.
OMEKWU, C. O. (2003). Conventional Approaches in accessing legal information.
3rd ed. Nigeria libraries, 37 pp. 46-58.
Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary (2001). 6th ed.
Oxford: Oxford University press.
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